Breast cancer is the commonest cause of death in middle-aged women in Western countries. In england and Wales one in 12 women will develop the disease during their lifetime. Early awareness should be taken to prevent carcinoma of the breast. Investigation for staging of Breast Cancer 1) Chest X-ray 2) Serum alkaline phosphatase 3) Gamma glutamine […]
Category: Surgery
Prostate Cancer | Aetiology, Symptoms and Treatment
In adult males, prostate cancer is the most common neoplasm (after skin cancer ) and the second most common cause of death due to cancer over the age of 65 years. In most of these older men, the disease is not clinically apparent, only 10 % of men over 65 yr develop clinical evidence of […]
Transplant Surgery | Organ Transplantation
Organ transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another, or from a donor site on the patient’s own body, for the purpose of replacing the recipient’s damaged or absent organ. The emerging field of Regenerative medicine is allowing scientists and engineers to create organs to be re‐grown from the patient s […]
Testicular Cancer | Treatment of Testicular Cancer
About 99% of testicular tumours are malignant & although they make up only about 1-2% of malignant tumours in men, they are one of the most common form of cancer in the young male adult. A testicular tumour often escapes detection until after it has metastasized. Mode of Spread of Testicular Cancer 1) Metastases first […]
Inguinal Hernia
Inguinal Hernia is the hernia of right or left lower abdominal inguinal region. Hernia means any protrusion of viscous or part of viscous through a weak opening from normal to abnormal position. Hernia can be classified into different categories according to location. The sufferers of Inguinal Hernia are comparatively more than other hernia. When hernia […]
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Peptic ulcer disease refers to painful sores in the lining of the stomach or first part of the small intestine, the duodenum. In some cases lower end of esophagus is seen to be affected by Peptic Ulcer Disease. The common site of Peptic Ulcer Disease include- 1.Stomach 2.First part of small intestine 3. Lower end […]
Hodgkin’s And Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Lymphoma Maybe defined as the neoplastic proliferation of cells native to the lymph nodes. Hodgkin’s And Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma both two are the primary malignant tumors of lymph nodes. They are called lymphomas because they originate in white blood cells called lymphocytes and its precursors and histiocytes. Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) Hodgkin’s lymphoma formerly known as Hodgkin’s disease is a […]